Cables are an important part of the power transmission system, and their role is to transport electrical energy from the power station or substation to each electricity-using terminal.
With the progress of technology, there are more and more types of cables, among which the common ones are mineral cables, flame retardant cables, fire resistant cables, and low smoke and halogen-free cables. These cables differ not only in structure and material, but also in the use environment, and performance, and some of their differences will be introduced below.
Mineral insulated cable, a copper sheath-wrapped copper conductor core, and magnesium oxide powder as inorganic insulation material to isolate the conductor and the sheath of the cable, the outermost layer can be selected as required to protect the appropriate jacket.
This melting-type insulated cable, mainly composed of metal conductors, inorganic insulation layer, outer sheath, etc., is characterized by its insulation material being heat-resistant, fire-resistant, and can work for a long time in a high-temperature environment.
Mineral cable has a simple structure, low power loss, and long service life, so it is widely used in metallurgy, mining, and high-temperature furnaces.
As the cable is all composed of inorganic metal copper and magnesium oxide powder, it will not cause fire itself, and it is impossible to burn or fuel combustion.
As the melting point of copper is 1083℃, the mineral insulation layer is also above 1000℃ melting point.
Therefore, this kind of cable can continue to maintain the power supply in case of fire close to the melting point of copper, which is a kind of fireproof cable in the real sense.
It also has a far higher load capacity than other cables because the mineral-based insulation has better thermal conductivity than plastic, so the load capacity is greater for the same operating temperature. For lines above 16mm2, it can be reduced by one section, and for places where human contact is not allowed, it can be reduced by two sections.
Since mineral-insulated cable adopts a metal sheath as the protective layer, combustible gas, oil vapor, and flame cannot reach the electrical equipment connected with the cable, so the cable has explosion-proof characteristics.
As copper has good corrosion resistance, it does not need any additional protection under a normal-use environment. Under special environmental conditions, such as those with a strong corrosive effect on the copper, the cable has a PVC outer sheath outside, so the cable has good corrosion resistance.
As all the materials used in the cable are inorganic, not aging? Its service life can be calculated according to the rate of oxidation and corrosion of the copper sheath.
Flame-retardant cable, that is, under the specified test conditions, the specimen is burned, after the withdrawal of the test fire source, the spread of flame only within the limits, the residual flame or residual burn in a limited period to extinguish the cable itself.
The fundamental characteristic is: in the case of fire may be burned and can not operate but can stop the spread of fire.
In layman's terms, in case of a fire, the wire can be confined to a localized area and not spread, preserving various other equipment and avoiding further damage.
This is a kind of cable that can play a role in fire prevention, mainly composed of insulation, conductors, shielding, sheathing, etc., which is a very high fire safety requirement of the place must choose the cable.
According to the cable flame retardant materials, flame retardant cables are divided into two categories: halogen-containing flame retardant cables and halogen-free low-smoke flame retardant cables.
Flame-resistant cable is a kind of cable that can maintain power transmission in case of fire and is also a kind of high-temperature resistant cable, mainly composed of a conductor, insulation layer, flame retardant layer, armored sheath, and so on.
It can maintain the integrity of the circuit in the event of a fire and ensure the safe and normal operation of critical emergency system functions.
It is used in large quantities abroad for fire alarm systems, smoke detection systems, emergency lighting power systems, and public address systems in buildings such as large shopping malls, hospitals, offices, stations, airports, and civilian residences.
If only ordinary cables are available when a fire occurs, the cables may burn and cause great damage to the surrounding environment.
The fire-resistant cable is a series of special treatments that make it's flame retardant ability to ensure the transmission of current for a certain time while being able to keep the cable's temperature within a safe range.
1 Traditional fire-resistant flame retardant cable compared, the amount of acid gas smoke less, its fire-resistant flame retardant performance greatly improved.
Especially in the case of burning, accompanied by water spray and mechanical shock, the cable is still able to maintain the integrity of the line.
2 Compared with inorganic mineral insulated cable, also has the following significant advantages:
A) Because the new fire-resistant flame retardant cable using twisted or stranded structure, can significantly improve the clarity of data transmission and transmission speed.
B) Due to the use of a shielding structure, greatly improving the anti-interference performance, especially in the frequency range of 1-100MHz can reduce attenuation 30-35db.
C) Since the core-to-core and core-to-shield capacitance of the newly developed cable is significantly reduced, larger lengths of cable can be used in the firing circuit, i.e., its installation length is not limited.
Low smoke and halogen-free cables are environmentally friendly cables whose insulation and isoelectric bodies are free of halogens and therefore do not release toxic substances during combustion.
Compared with ordinary cables, low-smoke halogen-free cables will produce a small amount of smoke and jamming in the event of a fire, and will not release a large number of harmful substances, so it can improve the escape time and reduce the poisonous damage to the human body.
Overall, mineral cables, flame retardant cables, fire-resistant cables, and low smoke and halogen-free cables each have unique characteristics and uses.
For special occasions such as high temperature, fireproof and waterproof, ZMS cable supplier suggests that you should choose a cable that meets your actual needs.
In the application, we also need to have some understanding of the performance indicators of the cable.
For example, the cable's conductivity, insulation resistance, resistivity, etc. We will have professional cable sales representatives to help you understand to ensure that the cable can properly transmit and control electrical energy while serving production and people's lives more safely and reliably.
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